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Tobacco
Use
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| Children
and Adolescents
Reduce
tobacco use* by middle school students, grades 6 through 8.
Target:
8.0 percent.
Baseline, 1999: 18.4 percent of adolescents, grades 6
through 8, used tobacco products.
Target setting method: Better than the best.
Reduce
tobacco use* by high school students, grades 9 through 12.
Target:
19.1 percent.
Baseline, 1999: 38.3 percent of students, grades 9 through
12, used tobacco products.
Target setting method: Better than the best.
Reduce
cigarette smoking by middle school students, grades 6 through 8.
Target:
7.5 percent.
Baseline, 1999: 15.0 percent of students, grades 6 through
8, smoked cigarettes.
Target setting method: Better than the best.
Reduce
cigarette smoking by high school students, grades 9 through 12.
Target:
15.8 percent.
Baseline, 1999: 31.6 percent of students, grades 9 through
12, smoked cigarettes.
Target setting method: Better than the best.
Decrease
the percent of children who begin to smoke before age 11.
Target:
10 percent for middle and high school students.
Baseline, 1999: 28.6 percent of students, grades 6 through
8, smoked cigarettes before age 11. 16.1 percent students, grades
9 through 12, smoked cigarettes smoked cigarettes before age 11.
Target setting method: Better than the best.
Reduce
the percent of retail outlets that sell tobacco products to minors.
Target:
5 percent.
Baseline, 2000: 20.1 percent of retail outlets sell tobacco
products to minors.
Target setting method: Better than the best.
*Tobacco
use, including cigarettes, pipes, spit tobacco, and cigars.
Adults
Reduce
tobacco use (cigarette smoking) by adults.
Target:
12.5 percent.
Baseline, 1999: 25.1 percent of adults, ages 18 and older,
smoke cigarettes.
Target setting method: Better than the best.
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Health
Promotion - Tobacco Use
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Research has demonstrated the health consequences
of tobacco use. Smoking causes heart disease, cancers of the lung,
larynx, esophagus, pharynx, mouth, and bladder, and chronic lung disease.
Tobacco contributes to cancer of the pancreas, kidney, and cervix.
Consequences of smoking during pregnancy include spontaneous abortions,
low birthweight babies, and sudden infant death syndrome. Smokeless
tobacco causes a number of serious oral health problems, including
cancer of the mouth, periodontitis (or gum disease), and tooth loss.
Exposure to secondhand smoke can cause heart disease and lung cancer
among adults and lower respiratory tract infections among children.
Twenty-five percent of North Carolinians smoke compared to 23.2 percent
nationwide. Between 1990 and 1994, 11,642 annual deaths were attributed
to smoking in North Carolina each year. In 1993, medical costs related
to smoking were $1.23 billion. The Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention Youth Tobacco Survey (1999) revealed that 38.3 percent
of high school students (grades 9-12) and 18.4 percent of middle school
students (grades 6-8) reported using some form of tobacco within the
past month. |
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Disparities
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Men are more likely to smoke than women (27.5
percent of men smoke, 22.7 percent of women). Individuals with lower
educational levels have higher rates of smoking. White high school
students are more likely to smoke than African American/Blacks and
Hispanic/Latino students. However, in middle school grades, smoking
rates among African American/Black and Hispanic/Latino students have
increased and are higher than the rate for White students. Youth from
rural areas of the state have higher rates of tobacco use compared
to youth from urban areas in North Carolina. Tobacco use rates among
middle school students are higher in eastern North Carolina compared
to the Piedmont and Western regions of the state.
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Determinants/Risk
Factors
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Smoking started at a young age, low education
level, low income level, and environmental risk factors (easy access
and availability of tobacco products, to cigarette advertising and
promotion, affordable price for tobacco products, perceptions that
tobacco use is normal, peer’s and siblings’ use and approval
of tobacco use, and lack of parental involvement) |
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| Health
Promotion - Tobacco Use |
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